In a colander, rinse barley under cold water.
In a medium pot over high heat, bring barley, water, and bay leaves to a boil. Reduce heat to low and cover. Cook barley until tender and water is absorbed, about 20-30 minutes.
In a colander, drain barley. Set aside.
In a large pot over medium-high heat, heat oil.
Add onions, celery, pepper, and garlic to pot. Mix well. Cook until veggies are soft, about 5 minutes.
Add ground turkey. Cook until turkey is cooked through, about 5 minutes more.
Add tomatoes and their juices. Bring to a simmer.
Add spices. Stir to combine. Cover and reduce heat. Cook at a low simmer for 15 minutes.
Add cooked barley to the mixture. Stir to combine. Add more water or broth, if needed. Cook over low heat to blend flavors, about 5-10 minutes more.
Remove bay leaves and serve.